AIRMEN’S JOURNAL
PILOT’S TALK
← Level A lessonsMOUNT ETNA · LEVEL A · UNIT 5

SAC Said: Simple Reported Speech

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Words from the text: say, reason, warning, notice, direction, volcano, airport, flight, ash, airspace, passenger, aircraft

A We can tell other people's words with said. Put a colon (:) after said. Then write the exact words, like a quotation. The words do not change.

SAC said: "All flight operations at Catania will stop."

INGV said: "The ash cloud is 4 kilometers high."

Чтобы передать чужие слова, просто добавь said: и напиши слова говорящего в кавычках, без изменений.

B Different speakers say different things. SAC is the airport company. INGV is a science organization. Always show who speaks, before said.

SAC said: "Sectors C1 and B3 of the airspace are closed."

INGV said: "The ash cloud is moving south."

Важно указывать, кто именно сказал — SAC (аэропорт) или INGV (учёные), потому что это разные источники.

C Organizations often give a warning or a notice with said. The quote can give a reason or a direction. Say is for now; said is for the past.

The airport said: "This is a warning for all pilots."

SAC said: "The reason is the volcano and bad wind direction."

Say — настоящее время («говорить»), said — прошедшее («сказал»). В уроке мы используем said, потому что говорим о прошлом событии.

Exercises

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5.1 Complete the sentences with said.

Example: SAC ______: "All flight operations at Catania will stop." → said

  1. INGV : "The ash cloud is about 4 kilometers high."
  2. SAC : "The reason is bad wind and ash."
  3. The airport : "Sectors C1 and B3 are closed."
  4. INGV : "The wind direction is south."
  5. SAC : "The volcano is still active."
  6. KM Malta Airlines : "We canceled flight KM642."
  7. Brussels Airlines : "Our flight to Brussels is canceled."
Answers

For open questions, these are model answers. Other answers may also be correct.

  1. said
  2. said
  3. said
  4. said
  5. said
  6. said
  7. said

5.2 Who said it? Write SAC or INGV next to each quote.

Example: "All flight operations at Catania will stop." → SAC

  1. "The ash cloud is 4 kilometers high."
  2. "The cloud is moving south."
  3. "The reason is volcanic ash and bad wind."
  4. "Sectors C1 and B3 of the airspace are closed."
  5. "This is a red warning for aviation."
  6. "Flights will stop until 12:00 local time."
Answers

For open questions, these are model answers. Other answers may also be correct.

  1. INGV
  2. INGV
  3. SAC
  4. SAC
  5. INGV
  6. SAC

5.3 Complete the quotes. Use a word from the box: reason, warning, notice, direction, passengers.

Example: SAC said: "The ______ is volcanic ash." → reason

  1. INGV said: "This is a red for aviation."
  2. The airport said: "We sent a to all airlines about the closure."
  3. INGV said: "The wind is south today."
  4. SAC said: "Many had problems with their travel plans."
  5. SAC said: "The for the closure is the ash cloud."
Answers

For open questions, these are model answers. Other answers may also be correct.

  1. warning
  2. notice
  3. direction
  4. passengers
  5. reason

5.4 Look at the facts. Write what the organization said. Use said: ... .

Example: SAC / Catania airport is closed now. → SAC said: "Catania airport is closed now."

  1. INGV / The ash cloud is 4 kilometers high.
  2. SAC / Flights will stop until 12:00 local time.
  3. SAC / Two sectors of the airspace are closed.
  4. INGV / The wind direction is south.
  5. KM Malta Airlines / We canceled flight KM642.
  6. Brussels Airlines / About 140 passengers have problems.
  7. Delta Air Lines / Our aircraft diverted to Rome Fiumicino.
Answers

For open questions, these are model answers. Other answers may also be correct.

  1. INGV said: "The ash cloud is 4 kilometers high."
  2. SAC said: "Flights will stop until 12:00 local time."
  3. SAC said: "Two sectors of the airspace are closed."
  4. INGV said: "The wind direction is south."
  5. KM Malta Airlines said: "We canceled flight KM642."
  6. Brussels Airlines said: "About 140 passengers have problems."
  7. Delta Air Lines said: "Our aircraft diverted to Rome Fiumicino."